Which condition is an example of a disorder classified as a pulmonary vascular disease?

• A. Duodenal ulcer
• B. Acute kidney injury
• C. Lower urinary tract obstruction
• D. Pulmonary hypertension

Answer: (D)

Disorders of the pulmonary vasculature involve the blood vessels in the lungs and how blood flows through them. Pulmonary hypertension is a condition where the pressure in the pulmonary arteries is elevated, which directly reflects a vascular problem in the lungs. This makes it a clear example of a pulmonary vascular disease because the core issue is the blood vessels and their pressure, not another organ system.

The other options point to problems in different body systems: a duodenal ulcer affects the gastrointestinal tract; acute kidney injury involves the kidneys; lower urinary tract obstruction concerns the urinary tract. None of these primarily involve the lung blood vessels, so they don’t fit the category of pulmonary vascular disease.