Beta-cell destruction leading to absolute insulin deficiency defines which type of diabetes?

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Absolute insulin deficiency due to pancreatic beta-cell destruction is the defining feature of Type 1 diabetes. When the immune system attacks and destroys beta cells, the body can’t produce insulin at all, so lifelong insulin therapy is required. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance with only a relative deficiency—some insulin is still made. Gestational diabetes happens during pregnancy because hormones raise insulin resistance, not because beta cells are destroyed. Secondary diabetes comes from another condition or medication affecting the pancreas or insulin action. Therefore, the description best fits Type 1 diabetes.